Plastic

The 8 Most Important Types of Plastic

  • Posted by Mark Serisier
  • December 30, 2011

Plastic injection moulding is a booming industry. Almost every product in the 21st century requires plastic in one form or another. The invention of plastic was one of the greatest achievements in industrial production due to the fact that it’s synthetic and not limited in nature.

Here are the eight most important types of plastic and their uses:

  • Saran

Also known as Polyvinylidine Chloride, Saran was discovered by accident in 1933. The United States Air Force sprayed it on fighter planes to keep them protected against salty sea spray. In those days, it had an ugly colour and foul odour. Now, it’s mostly known for the creation of Saran wrap.

  • Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)

PVC is the third most widely used plastic. It’s primarily used in construction because it’s easy to work with, cheap, and durable. A softer form is made for use in upholstery, clothing, and inflatable products. PVC can even be used to replace rubber.

  • Acrylics

In 1936, acrylics became a type of plastic. These plastics are known for being hard and transparent. They were used in aircraft manufacturing during WW II. Today, they are used in everything from outdoor signs to tail lights. They can be found inside the home, particularly in the kitchen, in sinks and skylights.

  • Polycarbonate

This thermoplastic was developed in 1957. It was originally created as a tough, yet ductile material to compete against die-cast metals. Since it’s transparent, polycarbonate is used in the production of water bottles. It’s also a good electrical insulator, which makes it an ideal plastic for appliances.

  • Teflon

Teflon is a material with low friction. As such, it’s perfect for sliding parts such as gears, bearings, and slide plates. In these applications, Teflon works much better than nylon. Sometimes Teflon is used with mineral oil in order to make it more resistant to wear. This makes it the ideal material for laboratory items such as beaker liners and funnels.

  • Polyethylene

Polyethylene is another type of plastic used during WW II. Back then, it was used for underwater cable coating and radar cable development. It was the first type of plastic in the US to sell more than a billion pounds in one year. Today, it is frequently used in the product design process, especially with items such as drums, toys, bags and pipes.

  • Styrofoam (Polystyrene)

Polystyrene is a highly resistant plastic used for cabinets, glasses, and furniture. When it’s heated, it is air blown to form Styrofoam.

Styrofoam is a light material which makes an excellent insulator. Solid polystyrene is used in disposable utensils, CD cases, plastic models, packing materials, smoke detector housings, and so forth.

  • Polypropylene

This type of plastic is available in various forms. It’s a thermoplastic polymer used in the development of numerous applications, including textiles, packaging, lab equipment, loudspeakers, and automotive components. Some types of polymer are made from monomer propylene. They are very rugged and resistant to many chemicals and acids.